The Influence of Formal Sensory Aesthetics to Encourage Ecological Behavior

Case Study: Green Roof Central Market, Jakarta, Indonesia

Authors

  • Cindy Fiolita Universitas Katholik Soegijapranata
  • Prof. Dr. Ridwan Sanjaya, S.E., S.Kom., MS.IEC Digital Architecture Doctoral Program, Soegijapranata Catholic University, Semarang, Indonesia
  • Dr. Ir. Robert Rianto Widjaja, M.T. Digital Architecture Doctoral Program, Soegijapranata Catholic University, Semarang, Indonesia

Keywords:

Central Market, ecological behavior, formal sensory aesthetic, green roof

Abstract

This study aims to determine the influence of the sensory formal aesthetics of green roofs in encouraging ecological behavior. Jakarta's ecological crisis stems from lack of green spaces and unfriendly community behavior. Optimizing green roofs and appealing to aesthetics can stimulate environmental protection efforts. Qualitative approach with Robert K. Yin's case study method to propose a model proposition based on the influence of aesthetics on ecological behavior, testing it on mall visitors. Data collection through observation, surveys, semi-structured interviews, and expert validation. The research findings regarding the formal sensory aesthetics of the Central Market green roof can influence the ecological behavior of visitors as demonstrated in the model. Aesthetics with the goal of environmental education within it, influence behavior through the understanding of sustainability in its design and facilities. The relationship between aesthetics and ecological behavior includes experiences of returning to nature, feelings of connection with nature, and environmental knowledge media, which influence environmental awareness and ecological behavior. Visitor characteristics, duration, and frequency of visits also influence the ecological behaviors that occur and sensory perceptions of aesthetics. This study emphasizes the role of education in aesthetics to influence ecological behavior, through relationships in form of experiences, feelings and environmental knowledge.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Prof. Dr. Ridwan Sanjaya, S.E., S.Kom., MS.IEC, Digital Architecture Doctoral Program, Soegijapranata Catholic University, Semarang, Indonesia

Digital Architecture Doctoral Program , Soegijapranata Catholic University, Semarang, Indonesia

Dr. Ir. Robert Rianto Widjaja, M.T., Digital Architecture Doctoral Program, Soegijapranata Catholic University, Semarang, Indonesia

Digital Architecture Doctoral Program , Soegijapranata Catholic University, Semarang, Indonesia

References

Amalia, S. D. N., & Marlina, A. (2024). Penerapan Healing Architecture pada Pusat Rehabilitasi Medik Edukatif Penderita Stress Pasca Bencana Alam di Bandung. Senthong, 7(1). (DOI is not available)

Balasubramanian, S., Irulappan, C., & Kitchley, J. L. (2022). Aesthetics of Urban Commercial Streets from the Perspective of Cognitive Memory and User Behavior in Urban Environments. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 11(5), 949-962. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2022.03.003

Baobeid, A., Koç, M., & Al-Ghamdi, S. G. (2021). Walkability And Its Relationships With Health, Sustainability, And Livability: Elements Of Physical Environment And Evaluation Frameworks. Frontiers in Built Environment, 7, 721218. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2021.721218

Bashan, D., Colléony, A., & Shwartz, A. (2021). Urban Versus Rural? The Effects of Residential Status on Species Identification Skills and Connection to Nature. People and Nature, 3(2), 347-358. https://doi.org/10.1002/pan3.10176.

Brady, E., & Prior, J. (2020). Environmental Aesthetics: A Synthetic Review. People and Nature, 2(2), 254-266. https://doi.org/10.1002/pan3.10089

DeVille, N. V., Tomasso, L. P., Stoddard, O. P., Wilt, G. E., Horton, T. H., Wolf, K. L., Brymer, E., Kahn, P. H., Jr, & James, P. (2021). Time Spent in Nature is Associated with Increased Pro-Environmental Attitudes and Behaviors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(14), 7498. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147498

Fettahlıoğlu, P., & Aydoğdu, M. (2020). Developing Environmentally Responsible Behaviours Through the Implementation of Argumentation-and Problem-Based Learning Models. Research in Science Education, 50(3), 987-1025. DOI 10.1007/s11165-018-9720-0

Hastuti, K. P., Arisanty, D., Muhaimin, M., Angriani, P., Alviawati, E., Aristin, N. F., & Rahman, A. M. (2024). Factors Affecting Pro-Environmental Behaviour of Indonesian University Students. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 21(1), 102-117. https://doi.org/10.36681/tused.2024.006

Junaedi, D. (2021). Estetika: Jalinan Subjek, Objek dan Nilai. (DOI is not available)

Kasim, J. A., Yusof, M. J. M., & Shafri, H. Z. M. (2019). The Many Benefits of Urban Green Spaces. CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development, 2(1), 103-116. . https://doi.org/10.32783/csid-jid.v2i1.47

Kruize, H., van Der Vliet, N., Staatsen, B., Bell, R., Chiabai, A., Muiños, G., & Stegeman, I. (2019). Urban Green Space: Creating A Triple Win for Environmental Sustainability, Health, and Health Equity through Behavior Change. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(22), 4403. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224403

Lee, K., Wylie, B., Williams, N. S., Johnson, K. A., Sargent, L. D., & Williams, K. J. (2024). “It’s a Little Soap Opera of Its Own”: Fascinating Green Roofs Offer Complexity, Movement, Sensory Engagement, And Vast Vistas. Landscape and Urban Planning, 242, 104925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104925

Mikkonen, J., & Raatikainen, K. J. (2024). Aesthetics in Biodiversity Conservation. The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 82(2), 174-190. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaac/kpae020

Mukherjee, S. (2023). How Much Should the Polluter Pay? Indian Courts and the Valuation of Environmental Damage. Journal of Environmental Law, 35(3), 331-351. https://doi.org/10.1093/jel/eqad021

Nadeem, M., Ahmad, S., ur Rehman, M., & Sohail, M. (2024). Ornamental Flowers Induce Psychological Well-Being of University Public. CARC Research in Social Sciences, 3(3), 418-424. https://doi.org/10.58329/criss.v3i3.165

Nguyen-Dinh, N., & Zhang, H. (2025). How Landscape Preferences and Emotions Shape Environmental Awareness: Perspectives from University Experiences. Sustainability, 17(7), 3161. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17073161

Nygaard Folkmann, M. (2023). Design Aesthetics. Theoretical Basics and Studies in Implication. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/13836.001.0001

Othman, N., Hamzah, H., & Salleh, M. M. (2021). Relationship of Trees as Green Infrastructure to Pro-Environmental Behavior for Psychological Restoration in Urbanized Society: A Systematic Review. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 918, No. 1, p. 012047). IOP Publishing. DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/918/1/012047

Otto, S., Pensini, P., Zabel, S., Diaz-Siefer, P., Burnham, E., Navarro-Villarroel, C., & Neaman, A. (2021). The Prosocial Origin of Sustainable Behavior: A Case Study in The Ecological Domain. Global Environmental Change, 69, 102312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102312

Paris, P. (2024). Delineating Beauty: On Form and the Boundaries of the Aesthetic. Ratio, 37(1), 76-87. https://doi.org/10.1111/rati.12388

Parsons, G. (2023). Aesthetics and Nature: The Appreciation of Natural Beauty and the Environment. Bloomsbury Publishing. (DOI is not available)

Parsons, G., & Carlson, A. (2024). Environmental Aesthetics. Usman, M., Rofcanin, Y., Ali, M., Ogbonnaya, C., & Babalola, M. T. (2023). Toward a More Sustainable Environment: Understanding Why and When Green Training Promotes Employees' Eco‐Friendly Behaviors Outside of Work. Human Resource Management, 62(3), 355-371. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.22148

Pirchio, S., Passiatore, Y., Panno, A., Cipparone, M., & Carrus, G. (2021). The Effects of Contact with Nature During Outdoor Environmental Education on Students’ Wellbeing, Connectedness to Nature and Pro-Sociality. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 648458. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648458

Riechers, M., Martín-López, B., & Fischer, J. (2022). Human–Nature Connectedness and Other Relational Values are Negatively Affected by Landscape Simplification: Insights from Lower Saxony, Germany. Sustainability Science, 17(3), 865-877. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-021-00928-9

Rim, N., Schertz, K. E., & Berman, M. G. (2025). The Affective, Cognitive, and Social Benefits of Interacting with Nature. Journal of Consumer Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcpy.1456

Setyowati, S., Fanggidae, L. W., Nainggolan, F. M. R., Vitrianto, P. N., & Sari, I. K. (2023). Memahami Fenomenologi, Etnografi, Studi Kasus, Dan Metode Kombinasi Dalam Jagat Metode Riset. CV. DOTPLUS Publisher. (DOI is not available)

So, T. S. (2024). A Comparison of Perceived Environmental Quality, Psychological Restorativeness, Physical Activity Habits and Public Satisfaction Between Ground-Level Parks and Roof Gardens: A Study In Hong Kong (Doctoral Dissertation, University of Liverpool).

Stoltz, J., & Grahn, P. (2021). Perceived Sensory Dimensions: An Evidence-Based Approach to Greenspace Aesthetics. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 59, 126989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2021.126989

Sukabumi, S. P. (2022). Teknik Pengambilan Sampel Umum dalam Metodologi Penelitian: Literature Review. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Holistik (JIPH), 1(2), 85-114. https://doi.org/10.55927/jiph.v1i2.937

Suryasari, N., Antariksa, L. D. W., & Santosa, H. (2022). Formal Aesthetics of the Facades of Historical Public Buildings (Dutch East Indies Architecture in Malang). Civ. Eng. Archit, 10, 2731-2747. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2022.100636

Teixeira, A., Gabriel, R., Martinho, J., Santos, M., Faria, A., Oliveira, I., & Moreira, H. (2023). Pro-Environmental Behaviors: Relationship With Nature Visits, Connectedness to Nature and Physical Activity. American Journal Of Health Promotion : AJHP, 37(1), 12–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/08901171221119089

Ungureanu, G., Burgoci, A. E., Mihailoni, A. M., Ciur, S. C., & Pascariu, A. R. (2024). The Role of Nonverbal Communication in Identifying Visitor Preferences for Walkway Placements in Parks Case Study: The Parks in Timisoara. Lucrări Științifice Management Agricol, 26(3), 179. (DOI is not available)

Vieira, C. L. Z., Rumenos, N. N., Gheler-Costa, C., Toqueti, F., & de Lourdes Spazziani, M. (2022). Environmental Education in Urban Cities: Planet Regeneration through Ecologically Educating Children and Communities. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 3, 100208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2022.100208

Wang, L., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Che, Y., Ge, Z., & Mao, L. (2022). The Relationship between Green Roofs and Urban Biodiversity: A Systematic Review. Biodiversity and Conservation, 31(7), 1771-1796. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-022-02436-3

Willis, M. J. (2024). Realizing Multispecies Justice: A (Dog) Walk in the Park?. World Leisure Journal, 66(4), 516-537. https://doi.org/10.1080/16078055.2024.2355138

Wu, C., Zhao, K., Zhu, H., Huang, C., Liang, F., Ouyang, Y., & He, X. (2023). Beautiful Environment, Beautiful Heart–The Role of Environmental Aesthetic on Moral Education. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 20(2), 367-383 https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2022.2128106

Zhang, D., & Tu, Y. (2021). Green Building, Pro-Environmental Behavior and Well-Being: Evidence from Singapore. Cities, 108, 102980. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.102980

Zhao, C., Shang, Z., & Pan, Y. (2023). Beauty and Tourists’ Sustainable Behaviour in Rural Tourism: A Self-Transcendent Emotions Perspective. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 32(7), 1413–1432. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2023.2238135

Zhou, W., Chen, L.-Y., & Chou, R.-J. (2021). Important Factors Affecting Rural Tourists’ Aesthetic Experience: A Case Study of Zoumatang Village in Ningbo. Sustainability, 13(14), 7594. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147594

Webpage:

Dewi, N. (2024). Lahan "Tidur" Peluang Tambah Ruang Terbuka Hijau Jakarta. Metrotvnews.com. Retrieved March 9, 2025, from https://www.metrotvnews.com/play/NOlCnL87-lahan-tidur-peluang-tambah-ruang-terbuka-hijau-jakarta

EuropeanEnvironmentAgency. (2020). Who Benefits from Nature in Cities? Social Inequalities in Access to Urban Green and Blue Spaces across Europe. Retrieved March 7, 2025, from https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/who-benefits-from-nature-in#:~:text=Urban%20green%20space:%20benefits%20to,(EEA%2C%202020).

IndonesiaExpat (2023). Central Market PIK: First Eco Lifestyle Hub to Achieve Advanced Green Building Certificate. Retrieved April 1, 2025, from https://indonesiaexpat.id/business-property/central-market-pik-first-eco-lifestyle-hub-to-achieve-advanced-green-building-certificate/

NowJakarta (2022). Central Market PIK: An Eco Friendly One Stop Shopping Destination. Retrieved March 2, 2025, from https://www.nowjakarta.co.id/central-market-pik-an-eco-friendly-one-stop-shopping-destination/

Published

2025-09-22

How to Cite

Fiolita, C., Sanjaya, R., & Widjaja, R. R. (2025). The Influence of Formal Sensory Aesthetics to Encourage Ecological Behavior: Case Study: Green Roof Central Market, Jakarta, Indonesia . International Journal of Environment, Architecture, and Societies, 5(02). Retrieved from https://ijeas.untan.ac.id/index.php/home/article/view/graciela_sanjaya_widjaja_v5n2